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The Retirement Income Gap: Why Social Security Alone Isn't Enough

Social Security typically replaces only a portion of pre-retirement income. Here's how to think about closing the gap.

6 min readReviewed for the 2026 plan year

How Much Social Security Typically Replaces

For many average earners, Social Security replaces roughly 40% of pre-retirement income — leaving a meaningful gap between guaranteed income and typical living expenses.

Common Ways to Bridge the Gap

  • Employer retirement accounts (401(k), pension income)
  • Personal savings and investment withdrawals
  • Guaranteed income products like annuities
  • Part-time work in early retirement years

Why Guaranteed Income Matters

Unlike investment withdrawals, guaranteed income sources (Social Security, pensions, certain annuities) don't fluctuate with market performance — providing a predictable income floor for essential expenses.

Key Takeaways

  • Social Security alone typically covers only a portion of pre-retirement income needs.
  • A combination of guaranteed and flexible income sources is the common approach to closing the gap.
  • Guaranteed income sources provide stability that market-based withdrawals don't.

This is general education, not a personalized retirement income plan. Individual needs vary significantly — consult a financial advisor.

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